本文使用的Linux发行版:CentOS6.7 下载地址:https://wiki.centos.org/Download

一、安装Nginx

下载源:wget http://nginx.org/packages/centos/6/noarch/RPMS/nginx-release-centos-6-0.el6.ngx.noarch.rpm

安装源:yum install nginx-release-centos-6-0.el6.ngx.noarch.rpm -y(注意-y参数)

安装Nginx:yum install nginx

启动Nginx服务:service nginx start

停止Nginx服务:service nginx stop

查看Nginx运行状态:service nginx status

检查Nginx配置文件:nginx -t

服务运行中重新加载配置:nginx -s reload

添加Nginx服务自启动:chkconfig nginx on

二、修改防火墙规则

修改Nginx所在主机的防火墙配置:vi /etc/sysconfig/iptables 将nginx使用的端口添加到允许列表中。

例如:-A INPUT -m state --state NEW -m tcp -p tcp --dport 80 -j ACCEPT (表示允许80端口通过)

修改Tomcat所在主机的防火墙配置:vi /etc/sysconfig/iptables 将tomcat使用的端口添加到允许列表中。

例如:-A INPUT -m state --state NEW -m tcp -p tcp --dport 8080 -j ACCEPT (表示允许8080端口通过)

如果主机上有多个tomcat的话 则按此规则添加多条 修改对应的端口号即可。

保存后重启防火墙:service iptables restart

三、Tomcat负载均衡配置

Nginx启动时默认加载配置文件/etc/nginx/nginx.conf 而nginx.conf里会引用/etc/nginx/conf.d目录里的所有.conf文件。

因此可以将自己定制的一些配置写到单独.conf文件里 只要文件放在/etc/nginx/conf.d这个目录里即可 方便维护。

创建tomcats.conf:vi /etc/nginx/conf.d/tomcats.conf 内容如下:

upstream tomcats {   ip_hash;  server 192.168.0.251:8080;   server 192.168.0.251:8081;   server 192.168.0.251:8082; }

修改default.conf:vi /etc/nginx/conf.d/default.conf 修改如下:

#注释原有的配置#location / {#  root  /usr/share/nginx/html;#  index index.html index.htm;#}#新增配置默认将请求转发到tomcats.conf配置的upstream进行处理location / {  proxy_set_header Host $host;  proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;  proxy_set_header REMOTE-HOST $remote_addr;  proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;  proxy_pass http://tomcats; #与tomcats.conf里配置的upstream同名}

保存后重新加载配置:nginx -s reload

四、静态资源分离配置

修改default.conf:vi /etc/nginx/conf.d/default.conf 添加如下配置:

#所有js,css相关的静态资源文件的请求由Nginx处理location ~.*.(js|css)$ {  root  /opt/static-resources; #指定文件路径  expires   12h; #过期时间为12小时}#所有图片等多媒体相关静态资源文件的请求由Nginx处理location ~.*.(html|jpg|jpeg|png|bmp|gif|ico|mp3|mid|wma|mp4|swf|flv|rar|zip|txt|doc|ppt|xls|pdf)$ {  root  /opt/static-resources; #指定文件路径  expires   7d; #过期时间为7天}

五、修改SELinux安全规则

如果访问Nginx时出现502 Bad Gateway错误 则可能是Nginx主机上的SELinux限制了其使用http访问权限引起的 输入命令setsebool -P httpd_can_network_connect 1 开启权限即可。

文件/etc/nginx/nginx.conf完整配置如下:

user nginx;worker_processes auto;error_log /var/log/nginx/error.log warn;pid    /var/run/nginx.pid;worker_rlimit_nofile  100000;events {  use epoll;  multi_accept on;   worker_connections 1024;}http {  include    /etc/nginx/mime.types;  default_type application/octet-stream;  #log_format main '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '  #         '$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '  #         '"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"';  #access_log /var/log/nginx/access.log main;  sendfile    on;  server_tokens off;  #tcp_nopush   on;  keepalive_timeout 65;  gzip on;  gzip_disable "msie6";  gzip_static on;  gzip_proxied any;  gzip_min_length 1000;  gzip_comp_level 4;  gzip_types text/plain text/css application/json application/x-javascript text/xml application/xml application/xml+rss text/javascript;  include /etc/nginx/conf.d/*.conf;}

文件/etc/nginx/conf.d/default.conf完整配置如下:

server {  listen    80;  server_name localhost;  #charset koi8-r;  #access_log /var/log/nginx/log/host.access.log main;  #location / {  #  root  /usr/share/nginx/html;  #  index index.html index.htm;  #}  location / {    proxy_set_header Host $host;    proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;    proxy_set_header REMOTE-HOST $remote_addr;    proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;    proxy_pass http://web_servers;  }  location ~.*.(js|css)$ {    root  /opt/static-resources;    expires   12h;  }  location ~.*.(html|jpg|jpeg|png|bmp|gif|ico|mp3|mid|wma|mp4|swf|flv|rar|zip|txt|doc|ppt|xls|pdf)$ {    root  /opt/static-resources;    expires   7d;  }  #error_page 404       /404.html;  # redirect server error pages to the static page /50x.html  #  error_page  500 502 503 504 /50x.html;  location = /50x.html {    root  /usr/share/nginx/html;  }  # proxy the PHP scripts to Apache listening on 127.0.0.1:80  #  #location ~ .php$ {  #  proxy_pass  http://127.0.0.1;  #}  # pass the PHP scripts to FastCGI server listening on 127.0.0.1:9000  #  #location ~ .php$ {  #  root      html;  #  fastcgi_pass  127.0.0.1:9000;  #  fastcgi_index index.php;  #  fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME /scripts$fastcgi_script_name;  #  include    fastcgi_params;  #}  # deny access to .htaccess files, if Apache's document root  # concurs with nginx's one  #  #location ~ /.ht {  #  deny all;  #}}

注意:如果执行命令时没有root权限 请在命令前面加上 sudo 执行。